Lesson 8.1 Teacher Notes

Lesson 8.1 – Teacher Notes

In preparation for teaching this lesson, you should review the Concepts, Performance Objectives, Essential Questions, and Key Terms along with the PowerPoint^® presentations prior to beginning the lesson with students. In addition, you should review all activities in order to familiarize yourself with the student directions, expectations, and the work students will complete.

Prior to the beginning of class on Day 1, prepare the cups of distilled water and the cup of infected solution. To prepare for the activity, fill clear plastic cups approximately ⅓ full with distilled water. In one cup, place 15 drops of ammonia with distilled water. This will be the infected sample.

PowerPoints^®

What is a disease?

Diseases are commonly classified into three categories: infectious, contagious, and non-infectious. Contagious diseases are infectious, but not all infectious diseases are contagious. Common routes of disease transmission are also discussed in the presentation. Use this presentation to develop student knowledge prior to Activity 8.1.1 Who was infected first?

Infectious Disease Causing Agents

This presentation covers five infectious disease-causing agents including bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and prions. All of these are infectious and some forms are contagious. It is important to review with students that many bacteria, fungi, and protozoa are beneficial and necessary to life processes. This presentation prepares students for Activity 8.1.2 Rounds, Rod, and Spirals.

Activities, Projects, and Problems

Activity 8.1.1 Who was infected first?

This activity simulates the transmission of a contagious disease. Students will need to exercise caution when exchanging liquid. Review the safety precautions and instruct students to put on their personal protective equipment including safety goggles, gloves, and aprons before passing out any liquids.

Safety Precautions:

· Students must correctly wear all personal protective equipment provided.

· Students must not drink or sniff the solution.

· Students must not allow any solution to come into contact with your skin or clothing.

· Students must notify the teacher immediately if a spill occurs.

· If a student splashes liquid on him or herself, immediately flood the affected area with water.

Distribute the cups to students after reviewing the safety precautions and lab procedures. Take note of the student who receives the infected sample without disclosing it to the students.

Instruct students when to begin each exchange and remind them to record their contact after each exchange. Students should exchange with a different classmate each time.

After students have completed the exchanges, test each of their solutions with three to four drops of phenylphthalein. The solution in cups of infected students should turn pink while uninfected individuals will remain clear.

Disposal: After testing all of the students’ cups, collect the solution in a large container. Test the pH of the solution. If necessary, adjust the pH to neutral using small amounts of 1.0 M acid before disposing of the solution.

See Activity 8.1.1 Answer Key for assistance in assessing student work.

Activity 8.1.2 Rounds, Rods, and Spirals

Students will be paired to observe slides of bacteria, mold, and protozoa in this activity. Microscopes should be ready prior to class starting. It is recommended to set up the lab by placing the prepared bacteria, mold, and protozoa slides in a tray for each pair of students.

Review proper procedures in the Animal Laboratory Safety Manual for handling and using microscopes and slides with students prior to students beginning their observations.

Activity 8.1.3 I’m in Charge Here!

Divide students into teams of three and assign each group a regulatory organization. Students will work in their team to research their agency and determine how they could be in charge of a disease outbreak. A variation of the Little Professor E-Moment is used in this activity as teams of students teach the class about their respective regulatory organization. Encourage students to be as persuasive as possible when presenting to the class. Provide Activity 8.1.3 I’m in Charge Here Presentation Rubric to students in advance of preparing their team presentations and use the rubric to assess the presentations.

Assessment

Lesson 8.1 Check for Understanding

Lesson 8.1 Check for Understanding is included for you to use as an assessment tool for this lesson. Lesson 8.1 Check for Understanding Answer Key is also included for grading purposes.